Objective To investigate the independent influences on the occurrence of ICU Acquired Weakness （ICU-AW） in elderly patients undergoing third- and fourth-level surgeries，to construct a prediction model and draw a column-line diagram，and to internally validate the model. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 186 elderly patients undergoing tertiary and quaternary surgeries who were hospitalized in 3 tertiary A hospitals in Beijing from May to December 2022 as the study subjects. Single-factor and multifactor logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors for ICU-AW in elderly patients undergoing third- and fourth-degree surgeries.A risk prediction model was established and the model was visualized by drawing a column-line diagram，and the receiver operator characteristic curve（ROC） and the Hosmer-Lemeshow tests were applied to verify the predictive effect of the model. Results ICU-AW occurred in 40 of 186 cases in the modeling group，with an incidence rate of 21.5%. The results of univariate analysis showed that the 2 groups of preoperative physiology score and surgical severity score included in the physiology and surgical severity scoring system，age，presence of cardiac disease，hemoglobin（within 24 h of admission to the ICU），blood urea nitrogen（within 24 h of admission to the ICU），blood creatinine（within 24 h of admission to the ICU），presence of braking，mode of establishment of mechanical ventilation，presence of nutritional therapy，number of sedative or analgesic drugs used，whether vasoactive drugs were used，whether diuretics were used，and the level of hemoglobin，blood urea nitrogen and blood creatinine within 24 h after admission to ICU the difference is statistically significant（P<0.05）. The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative physiology scores included in the physiology and surgical severity scoring system，the presence of cardiac disease，the presence of braking，the presence of nutritional therapy，and the number of sedative or analgesic medications used were the predictors of the occurrence of ICU-AW in elderly patients undergoing third- and fourth-degree surgeries（OR were 1.364，2.344，5.568，5.823，1.109，all P<0.05）. The above 5 factors were plotted as independent variables in a column-line graph，and the area under the ROC curve of the model was 0.859（95%CI 0.793~0.924），with an optimal critical value of 0.156，a sensitivity of 0.875，a specificity of 0.705，and a Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test of χ²=3.906，P=0.865，Brier score of 0.109，and a decision analysis curve indicating that patients could benefit. Conclusion The predictive effect of the constructed model is good，and it can be used as a reference for early and rapid identification of the risk of ICU-AW in elderly patients undergoing third-and fourth-degree surgeries by clinical staff，and timely provision of preventive intervention programs.

Objective To evaluate and summarize the evidence related to targeted temperature management in brain injury patients with ICU for health care workers and decision makers. Methods We systematically searched from the guideline websites，domestic and foreign databases and association official websites to collect the literature including guidelines，expert consensuses，clinic decision-making，evidence summaries and systematic reviews，according to the 6s evidence model. The search time limit was from January 2012 to April，2023. Evidence was extracted after the quality evaluation of the literature was conducted by evidence-based researchers. Results A total of 19 articles were incorporated，including 6 guidelines，3 clinic decision-making，5 expert consensuses，4 systematic reviews and 1 evidence summary. Finally，25 pieces of best evidence were formed from 10 aspects，temperature range，starting time，body temperature monitoring，pipeline management，analgesia and sedation management，mechanical ventilation and oxygenation management，hemodynamic support，nutrition management，condition monitoring and prognosis evaluation. Conclusion The best evidence for management of targeted temperature in brain injury patients with ICU in this study is scientific and comprehensive，providing the evidence-based basis for medical staff to standardized management of targeted temperature in critically ill patients in clinical practice.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation（ECMO） is used to rescue patients with severe cardiopulmonary failure,and nurses are important members of the ECMO team. This paper introduces the qualification requirements,training content,training methods and qualification accreditation of nurses participating in ECMO monitoring training at home and abroad,and puts forward relevant suggestions based on the current situation in China,in order to provide references for carrying out ECMO monitoring training in China and provide the guidance for managers to formulate relevant policies.

ICU acquired weakness affects the recovery of critically ill patients and the quality of life after discharge. Early functional exercise can reduce the incidence of ICU acquired weakness and promote the recovery of patients. In this article,the necessity of early functional exercise for ICU patients is described firstly. Secondly,the assessment of early functional exercise is also summarized,including the specific contents of the initial and continuous assessment of early functional exercise. Besides,the current status and problems of the research on the implementation of early functional exercise,including progressive functional exercise and goal-oriented functional exercise,are reviewed. Lastly,the impediments to the implementation of early functional exercise are analyzed,and the corresponding countermeasures are proposed. The purpose of this study is to provide a reference for clinical and nursing staff to implement early functional exercise effectively and safely.